abstract：:A new investigation into Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) pathogenesis suggests that at least part of the muscle degeneration observed in DMD patients may result from the reduced production of muscle membrane-associated neuronal nitric oxide synthase. This reduction may lead to impaired regulation of the vasoconstric...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Crosbie RH

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Solid organ transplants contain small numbers of leukocytes that can migrate into the host and establish long-lasting microchimerism. Although such microchimerism is often associated with graft acceptance and tolerance, it has been difficult to demonstrate a true causal link. Using skin from mutant mice deficient for ...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Anderson CC,Matzinger P

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of the zinc-finger transcription factor early growth response (Egr)-1, initially linked to developmental processes, is shown here to function as a master switch activated by ischemia to trigger expression of pivotal regulators of inflammation, coagulation and vascular hyperpermeability. Chemokine, adhesion ...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Yan SF,Fujita T,Lu J,Okada K,Shan Zou Y,Mackman N,Pinsky DJ,Stern DM

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pathogenic bacterium Neisseria meningitidis is an important cause of septicemia and meningitis, especially in childhood. The establishment and maintenance of bacteremic infection is a pre-requisite for all the pathological sequelae of meningococcal infection. To further understand the genetic basis of this essenti...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Sun YH,Bakshi S,Chalmers R,Tang CM

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Myelin-specific T lymphocytes are considered essential in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. The myelin basic protein peptide (a.a. 83-99) represents one candidate antigen; therefore, it was chosen to design an altered peptide ligand, CGP77116, for specific immunotherapy of multiple sclerosis. A magnetic resonanc...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Bielekova B,Goodwin B,Richert N,Cortese I,Kondo T,Afshar G,Gran B,Eaton J,Antel J,Frank JA,McFarland HF,Martin R

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies suggest that statins can function to protect the vasculature in a manner that is independent of their lipid-lowering activity. We show here that statins rapidly activate the protein kinase Akt/PKB in endothelial cells. Accordingly, simvastatin enhanced phosphorylation of the endogenous Akt substrate end...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Kureishi Y,Luo Z,Shiojima I,Bialik A,Fulton D,Lefer DJ,Sessa WC,Walsh K

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells from the telomerase knockout mouse immortalize with an approximately ten million-fold greater frequency than human cells. In this commentary, Wright and Shay discuss the implications of this difference between mice and men and its relationship to cancer. ...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Wright WE,Shay JW

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One hallmark of Alzheimer disease is the accumulation of amyloid beta-peptide in the brain and its deposition as plaques. Mice transgenic for an amyloid beta precursor protein (APP) mini-gene driven by a platelet-derived (PD) growth factor promoter (PDAPP mice), which overexpress one of the disease-linked mutant forms...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Bard F,Cannon C,Barbour R,Burke RL,Games D,Grajeda H,Guido T,Hu K,Huang J,Johnson-Wood K,Khan K,Kholodenko D,Lee M,Lieberburg I,Motter R,Nguyen M,Soriano F,Vasquez N,Weiss K,Welch B,Seubert P,Schenk D,Yednock

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus harbors leptin sensitive neurons and is intrinsically connected to hypothalamic nuclei involved in feeding behavior. However, it also receives ascending input from the visceroceptive neurons of the brainstem. We have identified a unique glucagon-like-peptide-2 containing neuronal p...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Tang-Christensen M,Larsen PJ,Thulesen J,Rømer J,Vrang N

更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulation of fibrils composed of amyloid A in tissues resulting in displacement of normal structures and cellular dysfunction is the characteristic feature of systemic amyloidoses. Here we show that RAGE, a multiligand immunoglobulin superfamily cell surface molecule, is a receptor for the amyloidogenic form of ser...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Yan SD,Zhu H,Zhu A,Golabek A,Du H,Roher A,Yu J,Soto C,Schmidt AM,Stern D,Kindy M

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The androgen receptor (AR) is involved in the development, growth and progression of prostate cancer (CaP). CaP often progresses from an androgen-dependent to an androgen-independent tumor, making androgen ablation therapy ineffective. However, the mechanisms for the development of androgen-independent CaP are unclear...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Zhao XY,Malloy PJ,Krishnan AV,Swami S,Navone NM,Peehl DM,Feldman D

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Movement towards or away from a given stimulus guides the directional migration of prokaryotes, simple eukaryotes and neurons. As bi-directional cues may influence entry and exit of immune effector cells from tissue sites, we evaluated the migratory responses of T-cell subsets to varying concentrations of the chemokin...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Poznansky MC,Olszak IT,Foxall R,Evans RH,Luster AD,Scadden DT

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infections are thought to be important in the pathogenesis of many heart diseases. Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) has been linked to chronic dilated cardiomyopathy, a common cause of progressive heart disease, heart failure and sudden death. We show here that the sarcoma (Src) family kinase Lck (p56lck) is required for effi...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Liu P,Aitken K,Kong YY,Opavsky MA,Martino T,Dawood F,Wen WH,Kozieradzki I,Bachmaier K,Straus D,Mak TW,Penninger JM

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:LIGHT was recently described as a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) 'superfamily'. We have isolated a mouse homolog of human LIGHT and investigated its immunoregulatory functions in vitro and in vivo. LIGHT has potent, CD28-independent co-stimulatory activity leading to T-cell growth and secretion of gamma int...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Tamada K,Shimozaki K,Chapoval AI,Zhu G,Sica G,Flies D,Boone T,Hsu H,Fu YX,Nagata S,Ni J,Chen L

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although maternal human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission occurs during gestation, intrapartum and postpartum (by breast-feeding), 50-70% of all infected children seem to acquire HIV-1 shortly before or during delivery. Epidemiological evidence indicates that mucosal exposure is an important aspect of...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Baba TW,Liska V,Hofmann-Lehmann R,Vlasak J,Xu W,Ayehunie S,Cavacini LA,Posner MR,Katinger H,Stiegler G,Bernacky BJ,Rizvi TA,Schmidt R,Hill LR,Keeling ME,Lu Y,Wright JE,Chou TC,Ruprecht RM

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Azoospermia or oligozoospermia due to disruption of spermatogenesis are common causes of human male infertility. We used the technique of spermatogonial transplantation in two infertile mouse strains, Steel (Sl) and dominant white spotting (W), to determine if stem cells from an infertile male were capable of generati...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Ogawa T,Dobrinski I,Avarbock MR,Brinster RL

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection with Plasmodium falciparum during pregnancy leads to the accumulation of parasite-infected erythrocytes in the placenta, and is associated with excess perinatal mortality, premature delivery and intrauterine growth retardation in the infant, as well as increased maternal mortality and morbidity. P. falciparu...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Beeson JG,Rogerson SJ,Cooke BM,Reeder JC,Chai W,Lawson AM,Molyneux ME,Brown GV

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The acceleration of atherosclerosis by polygenic (essential) hypertension is well-characterized in humans; however, the lack of an animal model that simulates human disease hinders the elucidation of pathogenic mechanisms. We report here a transgenic atherosclerosis-polygenic hypertension model in Dahl salt-sensitive ...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Herrera VL,Makrides SC,Xie HX,Adari H,Krauss RM,Ryan US,Ruiz-Opazo N

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two papers suggest that apoptosis of alloreactive T cells is required for induction of peripheral transplantation tolerance. These findings raise new questions about how lymphocytes reach from beyond the grave to influence the immune response (pages 1298-1302 and 1303-1307). ...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Ferguson TA,Green DR

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells, the most potent antigen-presenting cells, need to be activated before they can function to initiate an immune response. We report here that, in the absence of any foreign substances, dendritic cells can be activated by endogenous signals received from cells that are stressed, virally infected or kille...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Gallucci S,Lolkema M,Matzinger P

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease of the large arteries, and activation of inflammatory pathways is important in its pathogenesis. Increasing evidence supports the importance of CD40-CD154 interactions in atherosclerosis, interactions originally known to be essential in major immune reactions and autoimmune diseas...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Lutgens E,Gorelik L,Daemen MJ,de Muinck ED,Grewal IS,Koteliansky VE,Flavell RA

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:gammadelta T cells downregulate airways responsiveness to allergen challenge, possibly by controlling the 'repair' response of the airway epithelium to alphabeta T cell-mediated damage (pages 1150-1156). ...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Holt PG,Sly PD

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme that maintains the protective structures at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, called telomeres. In most human somatic cells, telomerase expression is repressed, and telomeres shorten progressively with each cell division. In contrast, most human tumors express telomerase, res...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Hahn WC,Stewart SA,Brooks MW,York SG,Eaton E,Kurachi A,Beijersbergen RL,Knoll JH,Meyerson M,Weinberg RA

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have designed short peptides composed of two functional domains, one a tumor blood vessel 'homing' motif and the other a programmed cell death-inducing sequence, and synthesized them by simple peptide chemistry. The 'homing' domain was designed to guide the peptide to targeted cells and allow its internalization. T...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Ellerby HM,Arap W,Ellerby LM,Kain R,Andrusiak R,Rio GD,Krajewski S,Lombardo CR,Rao R,Ruoslahti E,Bredesen DE,Pasqualini R

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The occurrence of multiple tumors in an organ heralds a rapidly fatal course. Although intravascular administration may deliver oncolytic viruses/vectors to each of these tumors, its efficiency is impeded by an antiviral activity present in complement-depleted plasma of rodents and humans. Here, this activity was show...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Ikeda K,Ichikawa T,Wakimoto H,Silver JS,Deisboeck TS,Finkelstein D,Harsh GR 4th,Louis DN,Bartus RT,Hochberg FH,Chiocca EA

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Traumatic spinal cord injury often results in complete loss of voluntary motor and sensory function below the site of injury. The long-term neurological deficits after spinal cord trauma may be due in part to widespread apoptosis of neurons and oligodendroglia in regions distant from and relatively unaffected by the i...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Springer JE,Azbill RD,Knapp PE

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synovial tissue affected by rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by proliferation, which leads to irreversible cartilage and bone destruction. Current and experimental treatments have been aimed mainly at correcting the underlying immune abnormalities, but these treatments often prove ineffective in preventing the in...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Taniguchi K,Kohsaka H,Inoue N,Terada Y,Ito H,Hirokawa K,Miyasaka N

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Given the associations between chronic inflammation and epithelial cancer, we studied susceptibility to skin carcinogenesis in mice deficient for the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha (refs. 5,6). TNF-alpha(-/-) mice were resistant to development of benign and malignant skin tumors, whether induced by initiation wit...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Moore RJ,Owens DM,Stamp G,Arnott C,Burke F,East N,Holdsworth H,Turner L,Rollins B,Pasparakis M,Kollias G,Balkwill F

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The severe disease atypical measles occurred when individuals immunized with a poorly protective inactivated vaccine contracted measles, and was postulated to be due to a lack of fusion-inhibiting antibodies. Here, rhesus macaques immunized with formalin-inactivated measles vaccine developed transient neutralizing and...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Polack FP,Auwaerter PG,Lee SH,Nousari HC,Valsamakis A,Leiferman KM,Diwan A,Adams RJ,Griffin DE

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cyclooxygenase (COX) has two isoforms. Generally, COX 1 is constitutively expressed in most tissues, where it maintains physiological processes; inducible COX 2 is considered a pro-inflammatory enzyme and a chief target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Here we present evidence that COX 2 may have anti-infla...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Gilroy DW,Colville-Nash PR,Willis D,Chivers J,Paul-Clark MJ,Willoughby DA

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic variants of human and simian immunodeficiency virus (HIV and SIV) that evolve during the course of infection and progression to AIDS are phenotypically and antigenically distinct from their progenitor viruses present at early stages of infection. However, it has been unclear how these late variants, which are ...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Kimata JT,Kuller L,Anderson DB,Dailey P,Overbaugh J

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Programmed cell death (apoptosis) seems to be the principal mechanism whereby anti-oncogenic therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation effect their responses. Resistance to apoptosis, therefore, is probably a principal mechanism whereby tumors are able to overcome these cancer therapies. The transcription factor NF...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Wang CY,Cusack JC Jr,Liu R,Baldwin AS Jr

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC) is a genetic disorder resulting from mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. This typically induces hyperdynamic ejection, impaired relaxation, delayed early filling, myocyte disarray and fibrosis, and increased chamber end-systolic stiffness. To better understand th...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Georgakopoulos D,Christe ME,Giewat M,Seidman CM,Seidman JG,Kass DA

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concentration of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) particles in blood plasma is very predictive of the subsequent disease course in an infected individual; its measurement has become one of the most important parameters for monitoring clinical status. Steady-state virus levels in plasma reflect a balance...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Igarashi T,Brown C,Azadegan A,Haigwood N,Dimitrov D,Martin MA,Shibata R

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hemophilia B is a severe X-linked bleeding diathesis caused by the absence of functional blood coagulation factor IX, and is an excellent candidate for treatment of a genetic disease by gene therapy. Using an adeno-associated viral vector, we demonstrate sustained expression (>17 months) of factor IX in a large-animal...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Herzog RW,Yang EY,Couto LB,Hagstrom JN,Elwell D,Fields PA,Burton M,Bellinger DA,Read MS,Brinkhous KM,Podsakoff GM,Nichols TC,Kurtzman GJ,High KA

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Massive release of tumor necrosis factor is responsible for the potentially fatal larisch-Herxheimer reaction that follows antibiotic treatment of relapsing fever due to Borrelia recurrentis. We have undertaken the quantitative purification of the components of B. recurrentis that stimulate human monocytes to produce ...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Vidal V,Scragg IG,Cutler SJ,Rockett KA,Fekade D,Warrell DA,Wright DJ,Kwiatkowski D

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cardiac response to increased work includes a reactivation of fetal genes. The response to a decrease in cardiac work is not known. Such information is of clinical interest, because mechanical unloading can improve the functional capacity of the failing heart. We compared here the patterns of gene expression in un...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Depre C,Shipley GL,Chen W,Han Q,Doenst T,Moore ML,Stepkowski S,Davies PJ,Taegtmeyer H

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study describes a technique for quantitation of mRNA in a few isotypic cells obtained from an intact organ structure by combining laser-assisted cell picking and real-time PCR. The microscopically controlled lasering of selected cells in stained tissue sections was applied to lung alveolar macrophages, whi...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Fink L,Seeger W,Ermert L,Hänze J,Stahl U,Grimminger F,Kummer W,Bohle RM

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most prevalent seizure disorder in adults. Compromised inhibitory neurotransmitter function in the hippocampus contributes to the hyperexcitability generating this condition, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unknown. Combining patch-clamp recording and single-cell mRNA amplific...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Brooks-Kayal AR,Shumate MD,Jin H,Rikhter TY,Coulter DA

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A high-fat diet increases the risk of colon, breast and prostate cancer. The molecular mechanism by which dietary lipids promote tumorigenesis is unknown. Their effects may be mediated at least in part by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). These ligand-activated nuclear receptors modulate gene ex...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Saez E,Tontonoz P,Nelson MC,Alvarez JG,Ming UT,Baird SM,Thomazy VA,Evans RM

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00